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Registros recuperados: 10
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Balancing the Multiple Objectives of Conservation Programs AgEcon
Cattaneo, Andrea; Hellerstein, Daniel; Nickerson, Cynthia J.; Myers, Christina.
Many of the Nation’s conservation programs seek to achieve multiple environmental objectives. Implementing a multi-objective program efficiently requires program managers to balance different environmental and cost objectives. A number of conservation programs use an index approach to prioritize objectives and rank program applications. This approach keeps program objectives distinct and enables program managers to use weights to determine the relative importance of each objective. This report provides empirical evidence on the environmental and cost tradeoffs of different index weighting schemes in USDA’s Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). The analyses take into account both land characteristics and how changes to an index affect producer decisions to...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Conservation Reserve Program; Environmental Benefits Index; Environmental benefits; Conservation program participation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7257
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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT AgEcon
Mullen, Jeffrey D.; Norton, George W.; Reaves, Dixie Watts.
Public support for integrated pest management (IPM) is derived in part from concerns over food safety and the environment, yet few studies have assessed the economic value of health and environmental benefits of IPM. An approach is suggested for such an assessment and applied to the Virginia peanut IPM program. Effects of IPM on environmental risks posed by pesticides are assessed and society's willingness to pay to reduce those risks is estimated. The annual environmental benefits of the peanut IPM program are estimated at $844,000. The estimates of pesticide risks and willingness to pay can be applied elsewhere in economic assessments of IPM.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Integrated pest management; Willingness to pay; Environmental benefits; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15057
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Environmental and Distributional Impacts of Conservation Targeting Strategies AgEcon
Wu, JunJie; Zilberman, David; Babcock, Bruce A..
Resource purchasing funds have become a major tool for environmental protection and resource conservation. These funds use various strategies to target resources for environmental conservation, the choice of which may lead to striking differences in environmental performance. This paper develops an analytical framework to compare the effects of alternative targeting strategies on consumer surplus, producer surplus, and environmental benefits. We demonstrate that ignoring the output price effect of purchasing funds reduces environmental gain from the purchasing fund and, in some cases, may make a purchasing fund counterproductive. A purchasing strategy that targets resources with the highest environmental benefits may be counterproductive even if the price...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Conservation funds; Distributional effects; Environmental benefits; Targeting strategies; Environmental Economics and Policy; D1; D2.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18528
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Green payment programs, asymmetric information and the role of fixed costs AgEcon
Arguedas, C.; Meijerink, Gerdien W.; van Soest, Daan P..
Many conservation programs offer financial compensation to farmers in exchange for socially desired services, such as soil conservation or biodiversity protection. Realization of the conservation objective at minimum cost requires payments to just cover the extra costs incurred by each individual (type of) farmer. In the presence of information asymmetries regarding costs, incentive-compatible contracts can be designed to mitigate excess compensation, but these typically only provide partial improvement because of several distortions. We argue that these distortions are inevitable only if all conservation costs are variable in nature. If there are fixed costs too, we find that the least-cost solution can be incentive compatible. We identify the exact...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Asymmetric information; Environmental benefits; Mechanism design; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44320
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Issues of scale and scope in bio-physical modelling for natural resource management decision making in New South Wales AgEcon
Hill, Christine M.; Farquharson, Robert J.; Ferrier, Simon; Grieve, Alastair.
Natural resource management decision making by Catchment Management Authorities in NSW is being aided by a project involving bio-physical modelling and the development of an alternative decision-making framework. The objective of the bio-physical modelling process is to generate predictions of environmental or natural resource outcomes rather than project outputs. These outcomes can then be used in an investment framework to help priority setting and project decision making. Questions that arise in bio-physical modelling include those relating to scale and scope. Scale issues include how to address the landscape impacts of particular (or a series of local) on-ground works proposals. Scope issues include assessment of multiple-attribute responses to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental benefits; Bio-physical models; Scale; Scope; Investment decisions; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10427
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Modelling Environmental Effects of Agriculture: The Case of Organic Rye and Grey Partridge AgEcon
Miettinen, Antti; Huhtala, Anni.
Our optimal control model identifies economic reasons as to why farmland bird populations have dramatically declined in modern agricultural landscapes. By integrating recreational wildlife values into farm level decision-making on arable crop choice and herbicide use, we derive those economic instruments needed for creating suitable conditions for game bird species on farmland. Based on the Finnish data available on the grey partridge (Perdix perdix), we illustrate how the optimal acreage subsidy for organically-grown areas, herbicide tax rates and the hunting licence fee could be estimated in monetary terms. Finally, we discuss the benefits and costs of cultivating organic cereals which will enhance preservation of the grey partridge.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental benefits; Grey partridge; Herbicides; Optimal control; Rye; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; Q18; H41.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24462
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The Incidence of Pollution Control Policies AgEcon
Parry, Ian W.H.; Sigman, Hilary; Walls, Margaret; Williams, Roberton C., III.
This paper reviews theoretical and empirical literature on the household distribution of the costs and benefits of pollution control policies, and ways of integrating distributional issues into environmental cost-benefit analysis. Most studies find that policy costs fall disproportionately on poorer groups, though this is less pronounced when lifetime income is used, and policies affect prices of inputs used pervasively across the economy. The policy instrument itself is also critical; freely allocated emission permits may hurt the poor the most, as they transfer income to shareholders via scarcity rents created by higher prices, while emissions taxes offer opportunities for progressive revenue recycling. And although low-income households appear to bear a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Distributional incidence; Emissions taxes; Tradable permits; Environmental benefits; Distributional weights; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q52; Q58; H22.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10651
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Towards a more nuanced discussion of the net-benefits of sharing water in the Murray-Darling Basin AgEcon
Morrison, Mark; Wheeler, Sarah Ann; Hatton MacDonald, Darla.
Despite the focus by stakeholders, the States and the Murray-Darling Basin Authority on exploring the economic costs and benefits of the proposed Murray-Darling Basin Plan, there are a number of issues relevant to an economic evaluation of the Plan that are easily overlooked. While a proposed Murray-Darling Basin plan has been released, water sharing agreements will continue to evolve and much detail remains to be worked out as part of implementation at the state level. Given this, we seek to synthesise current research on the costs and benefits of the Murray-Darling Basin plan. In doing so we discuss eight issues relevant to understanding the net-benefits of water reforms that, though recognised in the literature and policy debates, have become somewhat...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Environmental benefits; Water buy-backs; Farm Management.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122899
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Using stated preferences to estimate the environmental benefits of using biodiesel fuel in diesel engines AgEcon
Jeanty, Pierre Wilner; Hitzhusen, Frederick J..
Using biodiesel fuel to reduce emissions from diesel engines is an area of increasing interest. Many environmental benefits associated with biodiesel are not traded in markets and their estimation requires economic valuation methods applied to non-market goods and services. This paper presents the results of a contingent valuation survey conducted in 2006 in two Ohio regions to estimate willingness to pay for air pollution reduction arising from using biodiesel fuel in diesel engines. The double bounded parametric formulation was used to estimate mean WTP ranging from $157 to $457. These results yield estimated aggregate benefits ranging from $123 to $429 million and can be used as a starting point for cost-benefit analysis.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Diesel; Air pollution; Environmental benefits; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Double bounded model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; I18; L91; Q42; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48773
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Willingness to Pay for Biodiesel in Diesel Engines: A Stochastic Double Bounded Contingent Valuation Survey AgEcon
Jeanty, Pierre Wilner; Haab, Timothy C.; Hitzhusen, Frederick J..
The double bounded dichotomous choice format has been proven to improve efficiency in contingent valuation models. However, this format has been criticized due to lack of behavioral and statistical consistencies between the first and the second responses. In this study a split sampling methodology was used to determine whether allowing respondents to express uncertainty in the follow-up question would alleviate such inconsistencies. Results indicate that allowing respondents to express uncertainty in the follow-up question was effective at reducing both types of inconsistencies while efficiency gain is maintained.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Diesel; Environmental benefits; Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Double bounded model; And statistical and behavioral inconsistencies; Demand and Price Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; I18; L91; Q42; Q51; Q53.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9868
Registros recuperados: 10
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